St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: 19r
- Image
- Details
- Graphic Elements (34)
- Specimens (1)
Image
© Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences
Item Image
Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia)
19r
© Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences
Graphic Element
NameDivine Symbol - #57068
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeDivine Symbol
Divine Symbols
- Tetragrammaton
NameJustification - #57044
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeJustification
Justifications
- Extended letters
NameLetter - #57051
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterAleph
General Shape
- Square
- traced with one stroke
- reaches the headline
- reaches the baseline
- straight
- with a serif at the top
- with a serif at the bottom
- joins the main oblique stroke
- joins the main stroke at the headline
- descends from the headline
- reaches the baseline
- perpendicular to the baseline
- straight
- with a foot
- ends on the right
- parallel to the baseline
- straight
- with a spur
- joins the main oblique stroke
- joins the main stroke in its lower part
- slanted
- straight
- hairline
- with a roof
- placed centrally
- T-shaped juncture with the right arm
- parallel to the main stroke
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- hairline
- pointing downwards
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57058
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterBeth
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- not parallel to the base
- longer than the base
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- rounded juncture with the upper bar
- slanted
- straight
- with thinning in the middle
- with thickening at the end
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- slanted
- not parallel to the upper bar
- shorter than the upper bar
- T-shaped juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- joins the right-hand downstroke with a butt
- straight
- with bifurcation
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57074
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterGimel
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- descends below the baseline
- slanted to the left \
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- with a head
- joins the downtroke in the middle
- descends below the baseline
- slanted
- straight
- placed to the left
- T-shaped juncture with the downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- longer than the width of the nib
- straight
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57070
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterDaleth
General Shape
- Square
- goes beyond the juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with a serif
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- does not reach the baseline
- slanted
- straight
- with tapering at the end
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57069
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterHe
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- extends beyond the juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- ends higher than the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- reaches the baseline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- attached to the upper bar
- ends lower than the right-hand downstroke
- perpendicular to the baseline
- descends below the baseline
- rounded
- with thickening in the middle
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57071
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterHe
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- extends beyond the juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- ends higher than the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- does not reach the baseline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- separate from the upper bar
- ends lower than the right-hand downstroke
- slanted
- descends below the baseline
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57072
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterVav
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- slanted
- reaches the baseline
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- with a head
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the downstroke
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57057
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterZayin
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- descends below the baseline
- slanted
- straight
- with tapering at the end
- with a head
- placed centrally
- T-shaped juncture with the downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the right
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57059
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterḤeth
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with a serif
- angular juncture with the upper bar
- slanted
- does not reach the baseline
- ends higher than the left-hand downstroke
- straight
- with tapering at the end
- attached to the extremity of the upper bar
- angular juncture with the upper bar
- perpendicular to the baseline
- reaches the baseline
- ends lower than the right-hand downstroke
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57064
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterṬeth
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- traced as a separate movement from the left arm
- forms a base
- top is lower than the top of the left arm
- rounded
- with thinning in the middle
- with a roof
- traced with the same movement as the arm
- placed to the left
- rounded juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- there is a base
- rounded juncture with the right arm
- slanted
- straight
- traced as a separate movement from the right arm
- slanted
- top is higher than the top of the right arm
- straight
- with thinning in the middle
- with a roof
- traced as a separate movement from the arm
- placed centrally
- T-shaped juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the right
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57073
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterYod
DuctusTraced with 1 movements
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- longer than the middle of the line of writing
- rounded
- with tapering at the end
- with a head
- traced with the same movement as the main stroke
- placed to the left
- rounded juncture with the main stroke
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- hairline
- pointing downwards
NameLetter - #57062
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterKaph
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- not parallel to the base
- shorter than the base
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- juncture with the upper bar has a butt
- slanted
- straight
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- T-shaped juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- joins the right-hand downstroke with a butt
- slanted
- not parallel to the upper bar
- longer than the upper bar
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
- pointing downwards
NameLetter - #57066
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterKaph: final
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- goes beyond the juncture with the descender
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- longer than the height of the line of writing
- slanted
- straight
- with tapering at the end
NameLetter - #57054
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterLamed
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- perpendicular to the headline
- shorter than the height of the line of writing
- straight
- with a flag
- attached below the extremity of the mast
- placed to the left
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with one serif pointing upwards
- angular juncture with the ascender
- parallel to the headline
- placed on the headline
- straight
- attached to the horizontal bar
- rounded juncture with the horizontal bar
- descends below the baseline
- slanted
- straight
- with thickening
- with tapering at the end
NameLetter - #57053
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterMem
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- does not reach the baseline
- slanted to the left
- straight
- with thickening
- with thinning
- with a serif
- joins the right-hand downstroke with a butt
- long: almost joins the left-hand stroke
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation
- does not reach the baseline
- rounded
- with thinning
- traced as a separate movement from the left-hand downstroke
- joins the left-hand downstroke in the middle
- perpendicular to the headline
- reaches the headline
- straight
- with a roof
- traced with the same movement as the left arm
- placed to the left
- rounded juncture with the left arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57055
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterMem: final
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- longer than the base
- straight
- with bifurcation
- traced with the same movement as the upper bar
- rounded juncture with the upper bar
- slanted to the left \
- straight
- with thickening
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- T-shaped juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- joins the left-hand downstroke
- sharp/pointy juncture with the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- straight
- joins the upper bar below it
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- attached to the upper bar with a hairline
- perpendicular to the baseline
- straight
- with a drop
NameLetter - #57052
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterMem: final
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- longer than the base
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- juncture with the upper bar has a butt
- slanted to the left \
- straight
- with thickening
- with thinning
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- joins the right-hand downstroke with a butt
- joins the left-hand downstroke
- angular juncture with the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- straight
- does not join the upper bar
- perpendicular to the baseline
- straight
- with a drop
- approach stroke
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57061
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterNun
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- shorter than the height of the line of writing
- does not reach the baseline
- slanted to the left \
- straight
- with thickening
- with thinning
- with a head
- traced as a separate movement from the downstroke
- longer than the head
- T-shaped juncture with the downstroke
- juncture with the downstroke has a butt
- slanted
- descends below the baseline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- not parallel to the base
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57067
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterNun: final
DuctusTraced with 2 movements
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- equal to the height of the line of writing
- slanted to the left \
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- with a head
- traced as a separate movement from the descender
- placed centrally
- T-shaped juncture with the descender
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- approach stroke
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57063
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterSamekh
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- traced with the same movement as the upper bar
- rounded juncture with the upper bar
- rounded
- with thinning
- there is a base
- rounded juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- joins the left-hand downstroke
- T-shaped juncture with the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- straight
- does not join the upper bar
- perpendicular to the baseline
- straight
- with a drop
- with thickening
- approach stroke
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57065
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterSamekh
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- traced with the same movement as the upper bar
- rounded juncture with the upper bar
- rounded
- with thinning
- there is a base
- rounded juncture with the right-hand downstroke
- joins the left-hand downstroke
- T-shaped juncture with the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- straight
- traced as a separate movement from the base
- joins the upper bar below it
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- attached to the upper bar with a hairline
- goes slightly below the juncture with the base/right-hand downstroke
- slanted
- straight
- with a drop
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57060
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
Letter'Ayin
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- joins the left arm in its lower part (deep)
- slanted
- top is level with the top of the left arm
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with a serif
- no base
- attached to the right arm in its lower part (deep)
- perpendicular to the baseline
- top is level with the top of the right arm
- wedge-shaped
- with tapering at the end
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the right
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing downwards
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57056
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
Letter'Ayin
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- Detached components
- forms a base
- slanted
- top is level with the top of the left arm
- straight
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- traced with the same movement as the right arm
- descends below the baseline
- slanted
- longer on the left than the upper end of the left arm
- straight
- with bifurcation
- traced as a separate movement from the base
- detached from the right arm/base
- slanted
- top is level with the top of the right arm
- straight
- with tapering at the end
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- T-shaped juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57043
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterPe
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- traced with the same movement as the right-hand downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- not parallel to the base
- shorter than the base
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- traced with the same movement as the upper bar
- angular juncture with the upper bar
- slanted
- straight
- juncture with the right-hand downstroke has a butt
- slanted
- not parallel to the upper bar
- longer than the upper bar
- descends below the baseline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- traced as a separate stroke
- joins the upper bar below it
- extends above the upper bar
- cross-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- shorter than the height of the line of writing
- broken
- ends on the left
- with thickening at the end
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57042
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterPe: final
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- Short
- traced with the same movement as the descender
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with a serif
- traced with the same movement as the upper bar
- rounded juncture with the upper bar
- equal to the height of the line of writing
- slanted
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- joins the extremity of the upper bar
- angular juncture with the upper bar
- equal to the height of the line of writing
- broken
- ends on the left
- with thickening at the end
- with bifurcation
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57046
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterṢade
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- slanted to the left \
- wedge-shaped
- with thinning in the middle
- with thickening at the end
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the downstroke
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- longer than the left end of the downstroke
- juncture with the downstroke has a butt
- slanted
- descends below the baseline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- joins the downstroke
- joins the downstroke in the lower part of the line of writing
- slanted
- straight
- hairline
- with a roof
- placed centrally
- T-shaped juncture with the arm
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the right
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57041
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterṢade: final
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- Short
- Detached components
- equal to the height of the line of writing
- descends slightly below the baseline
- slanted to the left \
- straight
- with thickening in the middle
- with thinning in the middle
- with tapering at the end
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- T-shaped juncture with the descender
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- does not join the descender
- rounded
- hairline
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the right
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57049
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterQoph
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- equal to the height of the line of writing
- lobe on the right of the descender
- rounded
- traced as a separate movement from the lobe
- joins the upper bar/lobe below it
- longer than the height of the line of writing
- rounded
- changes direction to the left at the end
- with bifurcation
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57050
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterResh
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- angular juncture with the upper bar
- reaches the baseline
- slanted
- straight
- with tapering at the end
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57045
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterShin/Sin
General Shape
- Horizontally rectangular
- forms a base
- top is level with the top of the left arm
- rounded
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- there is a base
- traced with the same movement as the right arm
- rounded juncture with the right arm
- concave (rounded) ⋃
- joins the right arm/base above the baseline
- slanted
- top is level with the top of the right arm
- straight
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- traced as a separate movement from the left arm
- joins the arms/base
- joins the base
- perpendicular to the baseline
- rounded
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- juncture with the middle stroke has a butt
- slanted
- concave (rounded) ⋃
- with bifurcation on the left
- triangle
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57047
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterShin/Sin
General Shape
- Horizontally rectangular
- Detached components
- forms a base
- top is level with the top of the left arm
- rounded
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- there is a base
- traced with the same movement as the right arm
- rounded juncture with the right arm
- slanted
- straight
- joins the right arm/base at the baseline
- slanted
- top is level with the top of the right arm
- straight
- with thinning in the middle
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- angular juncture with the arm
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- traced as a separate movement from the left arm
- detached from the arms/base
- perpendicular to the baseline
- straight
- hairline
- with a roof
- placed to the left
- T-shaped juncture with the middle stroke
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation on the left
- with a serif
- pointing upwards
NameLetter - #57048
HandSt. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
TypeLetter
LetterTav
General Shape
- Vertically rectangular
- parallel to the headline
- straight
- with bifurcation
- with a serif
- joins the upper bar
- angular juncture with the upper bar
- ends higher than the left-hand downstroke
- slanted
- does not reach the baseline
- straight
- with tapering at the end
- traced as a separate movement from the right-hand downstroke
- attached to the upper bar below it
- T-shaped juncture with the upper bar
- ends lower than the right-hand downstroke
- slanted
- descends below the baseline
- straight
- hairline
- with thickening at the end
- with a foot
- no roof
- turns to the left
- turns downwards
- descends below the baseline
- slanted
- straight
- with bifurcation
- pointing upwards
Details
Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia)
19r
© Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences
11 Nov 2026, 12:42 p.m. by Evgeniya Zarubina
'St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: 19r', in: Hebrew Palaeography Album, General Editors: Judith Olszowy-Schlanger. Consulted online at https://www.hebrewpalaeography.com/data/itemimages/2854/ on 2026-11-15.
Graphic Elements
Divine Symbol
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Divine Symbol - #57068
Justification
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Justification - #57044
Letter
Aleph
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57051
Beth
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57058
Gimel
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57074
Daleth
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57070
He
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57069
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57071
Vav
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57072
Zayin
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57057
Ḥeth
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57059
Ṭeth
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57064
Yod
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57073
Kaph
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57062
Kaph: final
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57066
Lamed
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57054
Mem
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57053
Mem: final
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57055
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57052
Nun
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57061
Nun: final
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57067
Samekh
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57063
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57065
'Ayin
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57060
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57056
Pe
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57043
Pe: final
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57042
Ṣade
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57046
Ṣade: final
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57041
Qoph
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57049
Resh
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57050
Shin/Sin
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57045
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57047
Tav
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Letter - #57048
Specimens
St. Petersburg, IOM MS. D 76: Main text scribe - Square
Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, Russian Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg, Russia)