BnF MS. Hébreu 681

Bibliothèque Nationale de France (Paris, France)

Codex

Paper

First half of 15th century (most likely Italy - see below)

Brown (iron-gall)

There is ruling

Hard point

Grid of single vertical and horizontal lines

24-26

24-26

215

148

145

90

15th Century CE

Approximate date established by watermark - common pair of scissors used throughout Europe in the first half of the fifteenth century
Watermark characteristics: Realien - Werkzeuge - Schere - Schneiderschere (Gelenkschere) - frei, ohne Beizeichen - Griff zweikonturig - Halm offen - Klingen nebeneinander

Similar watermarks:
DE1335-PO-122343 (1432, Braunschweig)
DE2730-PO-122448 (1430, Frankfurt, Main Konzept)
DE4620-PO-122435 (1419, Riga)
DE4620-PO-122442 (1421, Bresz)
DE4620-PO-122465 (1452, Rom)

Byzantium

Hebrew

Philosophy

No vowels or accents

990000658200205171

https://www.nli.org.il/en/discover/manuscripts/hebrew-manuscripts/viewerpage?vid=MANUSCRIPTS#d=[[PNX_MANUSCRIPTS990000658200205171-1]] (Date accessed: 2026-04-09)

https://archivesetmanuscrits.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cc95684d (Date accessed: 2026-04-09)