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Vatican MS. Ross. 438: Main text scribe - Non-square (Beinoni)

Details
Graphic Elements (30)

Details

Item

Vatican MS. Ross. 438

Collection

Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana (Vatican, Vatican)

Name

Vatican MS. Ross. 438: Main text scribe - Non-square (Beinoni)

Scribe

Arieh b. Eliezer Ḥalfan (אריה בן אליעזר חלפן) (Date active: 1479-1484)

Scribe Identifications

Autograph

Scribe Roles

Main text scribe

Scribe Types of Naming in Document

Full name

Script Definition

Script Type

Italian
Ashkenazi (Italo-Ashkenazi)

Script Mode

Non-square (Beinoni)

Script Quality

Calligraphic
Current

Script Function

Bookhand

Script Style

Rotunda

Global Aspect of the Script

Position of Written Line

In the upper part
Ascenders go above the headline
Descenders descend below the baseline

Text Density

Stable

Spaces Between Lines

Stable
Equal to the height of the line of writing

Spaces Between Words

Variable

Spaces Between Letters in a Word

Variable

Text Rapidity

Quick

Letters in a Word

Irregular spacing

Approximate Size of Average Letters

Proportions of Average Letters

Regular size

Proportions of Ascenders and Descenders

Ascenders are shorter than the height of the average letter
Descenders are shorter than the height of the average letter

Parallelism Between Strokes

Downstrokes are not parallel
Horizontal strokes are not parallel
Ascenders are not parallel to the downstrokes
Descenders are not parallel to the downstrokes
Ascenders are not parallel among them
Descenders are not parallel among them

Width of the Stroke

Thick, traced with the full width of the flat nib
There is shading

Created: 21 Oct 2026, 5:37 a.m. by Elena Lolli

Entry Authors: Elena Lolli

How to cite this page: Elena Lolli, 'Vatican MS. Ross. 438: Main text scribe - Non-square (Beinoni)', in: Hebrew Palaeography Album, General Editors: Judith Olszowy-Schlanger. Consulted online at https://www.hebrewpalaeography.com/data/specimens/2239/ on 2026-10-21.

Justification

Vatican MS. Ross. 438: Justification - #55765

Vatican MS. Ross. 438: Justification - #55780

Letter

Vatican MS. Ross. 438: Main text scribe - Non-square (Beinoni)

Scribe

Script Definition

Global Aspect of the Script

Approximate Size of Average Letters

Justification

Letter

Aleph

Beth

Gimel

Daleth

He

Vav

Zayin

Ḥeth

Ṭeth

Yod

Kaph

Kaph: final

Lamed

Mem

Mem: final

Nun

Nun: final

Samekh

'Ayin

Pe

Pe: final

Ṣade

Ṣade: final

Qoph

Resh

Shin/Sin

Tav

Punctuation